Is Classic Novels Be Adapted Into Successful Modern Movies

Amanda Lockhart Ms. Solomon English 1020-003 17 October 2016 Can Classic Novels be Adapted into Successful Modern Movies? Emma’s Clueless About Clueless I. My audience for my research paper is people attending a pop culture conference. The movie Clueless is based on ‘90’s pop culture, even though the movie is based on Jane Austen’s Emma which is over a century old. My audience will be people who are interested in learning more about whether or not classic books can be adapted into successful movies set in a more modern time period. II. Film is a major part of American culture. It’s something that Americans see every day, multiple times a day. And increasingly over the past few years film adaptations of literature have increased in popularity. Film adaptations of literature are usually a hit or miss when it comes to how good the adaptation is. I researched a specific movie adaptation Clueless, which is adapted from Jane Austen’s Emma, and compared it to another film adaptation of Emma that was a completely different style. The 1996 version of Emma follows the novel far more closely than Clueless does; Clueless is a modernized adaptation set in the 1990’s. The two adaptations are polar opposites, and surprisingly Clueless is the more successful out of the two. My research encompassed why and how Clueless was the more successful adaptation when it was the least like the original novel. From my research I concluded that to create a successful adaptation, a director does notShow MoreRelatedTran sformers: Revenge of the Fallen1588 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen†. Though this was just one man’s opinion, however passionately negative, of a movie that grossed nearly half a billion dollars at the box office (imdb.com), we must consider Ebert’s 46 years in the field, best-selling novels based on this topic, a Pulitzer Prize, and assume that his apprehension, in both senses of the term, of the motion picture was at least slightly accurate. But it was not just he who was dismayed by the lack of cinematic finesse; the movie critiqueRead MoreA Brief Look at Steven Spielberg1726 Words   |  7 PagesSteven Allan Spielberg is known worldwide as a screenwriter, producer and one of Americas most successful filmmakers. His 20 highest-grossing films grossed 8.45 billion. He is a three-time winner of the Oscar Award, twice as the best director of the year. Spielberg was born on December 18, 1946 in Cincinnati (Ohio, USA), the son of a Jewish family engineer Arnold Spielberg and professional pianist Leah Adler (nee Posner).The mother had to give up the idea of her career for education of four childrenRead MoreModifying the Story Summer Solstice Through the Screenplay Tatarin4949 Words   |  20 PagesSolstice. A focus interview shall be conducted in order to prove that the scriptwriter- Mr. Ricky Lee – has subtle reasons on modifying Summer Solstice. The students were asked to read the original novel and later watch the film to analyze the distinctions of both works. The subjects thought that the novel was confusing and that the film barely did anything to explain it. Their observations were then compared and our assumptions were somehow accurate. This research supports the idea that modificationsRead MoreThe Studio System Essay14396 Words   |  58 Pages indeed the World, the internal workings of the dream factory that is Hollywood is little understood outside the business. The Hollywood Studio System: A History is the first book to describe and analyse the complete development, classic operation, and reinvention of the global corporate entities which produce and distribute most of the films we watch. Starting in 1920, Adolph Zukor, head of Paramount Pictures, over the decade of the 1920s helped to fashion HollywoodRead MoreBritish Arts5612 Words   |  23 Pagesschools. The word â€Å"culture† has several meanings. It can be used in its anthropological sense to mean ‘way of life’. But many people also use it as a synonym for ‘the arts’. Dance usually refers to modern artistic dance forms; ballet usually has a more traditional feel, unless we say modern ballet. A novel is a long story, e.g. 200-300 pages, a short prose fiction, e.g. 10 pages, is a short story. 2.2. The arts in society Interest in the arts in Britain is not highly appreciated by a largeRead MoreThe Role of Drama in Our Society4602 Words   |  19 Pagesto be acted by players on a stage before an audience. Its successful portrayal depends on the cooperation that must exist among writers, actors, producers and audiences in accepting the limitations and the conventions of the stage. Since the turn of the twentieth century, modern drama has become the greatest form of mass entertainment in the western world. Experimentation and innovation are basic to this century’s dramatist. Through movies and television, everyone has experienced the excitement andRead More The Death of the ‘Authorlessness Theory’? Essay6470 Words   |  26 PagesRoland Barthes’ claim that â€Å"The birth of the reader must be at the cost of the death of the Author†? (172). Even if â€Å"it is language which speaks, not the author† (168), an author is responsible for the creation of a unique sequence of words in a novel, a poem or an article. The canvas on which freeplaying signifiers paint themselves seems so vast to Barthes that â€Å"the writer can only imitate a gesture that is always anterior, never original† (170). His claim, when taken at face value, is equivalentRead MoreConsumer Behavior Study Notes7882 Words   |  32 Pageswith amou nt purchased. i.e. royalty programs, frequent flyer programs. + is building a database for refining product mixes, marketing strategies, tailoring communications - makes retention programs more effective, product launches/redesigns more successful, blunders prevented. Cognitive Learning Theory Cognitive Learning Theory: contrasting behavioral theories of learning, this focuses more on internal mental processes, i.e. creativity and insight. Views people as problem solvers and we activelyRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesthe Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. Syntagmatic Study of Jacques Rozier s Film Adieu Philippine, 177 vii viii CONTENTS IV The Modern Cinema: Some Theoretical Problems Chapter 8. The Modern Cinema and Narrativity, 185 Chapter 9. Mirror Construction in Fellini s 8 1/2, 228 Chapter 10. The Saying and the Said: Toward the Decline of Plausibility in the Cinema? 235 Notes, 253 A Note on the Translation by BertrandRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesMuggles!) .......................................................... 31 Lord of the Flies, by William Golding (Murderous schoolboys stranded on an island!) ......................... 33 The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald (The famous American novel) ................................................ 35 Historical Events: The American Great Depression (1929-1930s) ........................................................................................ 37 World War I (1914-1918) .............

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate Free Essays

Instructions: Read the information below. Do not simply answer the questions!! You will hand in your work on a separate piece of paper. Please put your information in paragraph form. We will write a custom essay sample on Erythrocyte sedimentation rate or any similar topic only for you Order Now Include any information you have found which helped you to answer your questions. The better Job you do of explaining your results, the more points you will receive. Best wishes and remember to cite all resources! A 34-year-old male from India presents with slowly progressive discovered skin attaches and nodules accompanied by a strange deformity of the nose. The patient has a history of nasal stuffiness and some nasal discharge which is slightly bloody; he also reports loss of libido. A physical examination reveals the following: leonine faces; loss of eyebrows and eyelashes; nodules on the sclera; a depressed nasal bridge; adipose fat deposits in the breast; testicular atrophy; many symmetrical, flat, discovered areas on the skin without defined borders; numerous nodules broad, raised areas on the skin; partial loss of pinprick and temperature sensation; no noticed changes; symmetrically enlarged lunar and common personal nerves. A blood work-up was ordered and the CB showed mild anemia. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was slightly elevated. Swabs were taken from the skin patches and they revealed numerous acid-fast bacilli on modified ZEN staining. 1. What disease does this patient have? (be specific! ) 2. What Is the causative organism? 3. What are some of the complications seen associated with this disease? 4. What Is the mode of transmission of this disease? 5. What Is the recommended treatment for this disease? How to cite Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Papers

Companies In Developing In The Marketplaceâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Companies In Developing In The Marketplace? Answer: Introducation In today's corporate era, efficient management of quality is essential for long term growth and success of companies. It can be expressed that the competition among businesses operating in the technology industry has become highly intense and now it is no longer easy for organizations to sustain in the marketplace. At present, companies are required to emphasize on improving the overall quality of products and services to attract new customers and retain the old ones. Quality management is crucial for businesses as it increases the degree of customer loyalty and satisfaction(Bellezza Keinan 2014). At the same time, quality assists corporations to attain their long and short term objectives. However, it can be critically argued that instead of managing quality in products and services only, businesses are required to encourage quality improvement practices in all operations and functions. High quality in products, services, and processes assists companies in developing a strong brand image in the marketplace. In the present era, small and large scale enterprise uses different types of quality management tools with an objective to enhance their operational capabilities. Some of the necessary tools which business use for carrying out improvement in their process includes cause and effect diagram, check sheet, histogram, control charts and stratification. All these tools support organizations to identify loop holes in their existing process and take corrective measures to eliminate the same. Furthermore, quality processes help companies to manage their overall cost of operations in the best possible manner. On the contrary, it can be argued that management of quality among processes is not an easy task for companies as they are required to carry out changes at regular intervals(Blackston Lebar 2015). In addition to this, implementation of quality management tools and techniques requires lots of time and efforts. The present study is based on Apple Inc. which is a technology company founded in the year 1976. In the context of revenue generated, Apple is considered as the second largest company in the world. The company offers different types of hardware and software related products and services to its customers(Eraslan, ? Yurdakul 2016). Its product range includes Smartphone, tablets, personal computers, software, etc. Since its establishment in 1976, the company has witnessed huge success in the marketplace, and there are various factors associated with this success. For example, the brand is famous for its innovations in products, services and it is also considered as the major strength of the brand. Apart from this, the high degree of brand loyalty among customers of Apple is another major factor which has contributed to growth and success of the organization. Brand loyalty has also assisted the organization in getting the competitive advantage over other market players. Definition of quality and process identified Quality can be defined as the essential characteristic or feature of the product which can satisfy the need and demand of the consumer. Furthermore, it can be expressed that there are different aspects which integrate together and form quality. For example, some people refer quality with good design and functionality(Clarke Boersma 2017). On the other hand, some individuals consider aspects such durability, value for money and consistency while defining quality. The intense competition in the technological industry has encouraged companies to emphasize on quality of their manufacturing process, products, services and other areas of management. Since its establishment, the products and services of Apple are popular because of their high-end quality which other brands in the market have failed to offer. The brand has been able to attract a large number of customers even with its high price strategy. The rationale behind this is that people perceive that the product of Apple is value for money. The selected business enterprise carries out extensive market research to ensure high-end quality and innovations in its product range. At the same time, Apple has adopted the strategy where it sells its products and services by high-quality user experience instead of selling them on behalf of specifications. For a global manufacturing company, ensuring and maintaining product quality, in the long run, is not an easy task. Even big brands face issues and challenges linked to quality management and control(Zink et al. 2014). However, in case of Apple Inc., things are completely different as the band always seeks for offering high-quality products to all its customers. It can be expressed that during the process of manufacturing of Smartphone's also, the high-quality components are used by the organization. As compared to the other Android phones, the processing of Apple Smartphone is quite useful. Since its establishment, the company has always focused on the overall quality of products instead of emphasizing on quantity. This strategy has played a crucial role in long term growth and sustainability of the brand. In addition to this, high product quality has supported the company to acquire a higher degree of customer satisfaction and loyalty. Apple has always learned from its mistakes, and it keeps improving the overall quality of its products and services offered. For example, during the year 2007, the products or phones of apple were not considered as durable, and the company has worked upon the same. The present products of Apple are considered as highly durable and of high-end quality. Describing Existing process Apples product development process is considered as one of the most successfully designed procedures that are implemented by any other firm(Van der Lans, Van den Bergh Dieleman 2014). The first step in the Apple product development process is the generation of the idea that is launching new phone with distinct feature and quality. At this stage manager expresses to manufacture the new product and discuss brief information regarding the product and its features. Thus, for producing the new phone in series, it establishes design team that makes the blueprint of the phone that how it would look. The design team is separated from the Apple Company and follows their reporting structure that helps them develop the new product(Elmansy 2017). Once the design process has begun The Apple New Product Process (i.e., ANPP) is put into the action. It is defined as a detailed documentation of every step in product development process. ANPP also focuses on mapping out all the stages of creation and who will work on each of the stages. Along with this, it also determines who are responsible for completion of tasks. After that the Executive team weekly reviews every product of Apple that company has in process phase(Chen et al. 2015). This general meeting or review helps the squad to accomplish their goals by evaluating small division of the procedure on a weekly basis. Therefore, the production process of new product development would be completed within the two weeks. With the start up of the production process, both the responsible people that are Engineering Program Manager (EPM) and Global Supply Manager (GSM) together known as EPM Mafia will overview the production process of products in China. Both the managers will discuss the process and make the decision that will be best for the product. After the manufacturing of beta product at China EPM and GSM bring the product to Cupertino that is at the Apple Campus so that executive may review the product. At this testing stage if executive remark the product then it will be sent back to China so that product may have required modification(Panzarino 2012). Hence, this process will be repeated again and again so that product must attain the high quality standard. After that Packaging of Apple product is designed and the room is dedicated to devising packaging. The room for packaging has high security where prototypes are unboxed. Along with this, intensive testing has been performed so that it may provide the best experience to consumers. Therefore, the last step in the product development process is to generate Rules of the Road manuscript that assesses the entire process and each object within it. Along with this, it also explains the actions and responsibilities that need to be considered before the launch of a product. Problems with current process and causes of the problems It can be expressed that the present product development process which has been adopted by Apple has different issues which need to be identified and resolved as soon as possible(West Mace 2007). Ineffective planning/ forecasting can be termed as one of the most significant problems which lie within the existing process of product development. In the present era, companies are required to invest a substantial amount of human, technological and financial resources in the process of new products development. Furthermore, the process is also considered as very risk as the risk associated with failure of a new product in the market is very high. Apple has faced issues due to ineffective forecasting in the process of new product development. This can be justified by the example of iPhone 5 when the company adopted the strategy of pre-booking before the launch of products. However, it can be critically argued that the company was not able to meet the demand of iPhone 5 as it was exceeding higher than what it was expected(Ramaswamy Ozcan 2016). Apple was required to delay the delivery of product, and the company also canceled the pre-order booking of iPhone 5. It can be expressed that the overall brand image and degree of customer satisfaction were adversely affected by the problem of ineffective planning/forecasting in Apple's process of new product development. The product development cycle of Apple phones is very lengthy, and this is considered as another major problem which the company is required to resolve. This issue can be justified by the fact that iPhone 5 was launched on 21st September 2012 and after this, Apple took almost two years of time to launch iPhone 6. Customers of the company are required to wait very long for its new products, services, and this sometimes results in creating dissatisfaction among people in the market. Nowadays, people get bored by their Smartphone in every six months or 1 year(Page 2013). Furthermore, individuals also desperately wait to buy Smartphone with new features, processing, and technology. However, in case of Apple, people are required to wait for years to buy the new product or phone produced by the company. It can be stated that even the degree of brand loyalty is affected adversely because of Apple's lengthy product development cycle(Cho, Fiore Russell 2015 ). At present, Samsung is considered as the biggest competitor to Apple, and it launches new products with direct competition to Apple in every six months. For example, Samsung launched Galaxy S6 as the direct competitor of iPhone 6. Sometimes, existing users of Apple are do not prefer to wait for one year or two to buy the new product, and they are attracted to Samsung which has a short product development cycle. Another fundamental problem linked with the product development process of Apple is that it is very costly(Payne 2017). The cost incurred in the development of products is very high, and this encourages Apple to go for a high price strategy. It can be expressed that high price strategy has created obstacles for the company regarding attracting more and more customers. At present, the brand's target market only includes people who belong to the upper class and upper middle class of the society. It means the segment of the middle class or middle-income level is still unexplored by Apple and at the same time, Samsung has got the opportunity to capture high market share in this segment. Recommendations for process improvements Certain recommendations need to be implemented within the product development process of Apple so that it may quickly improve the process and maintain its quality. The recommendations are as follows- Short product development cycle- The key recommendation within process improvement include engaging in shorter product development cycle as presently the company launches their mobile phone in the gap of 2 years(Misra et al. 2016). Therefore, it results in shifting their clients and customers towards the other phone as the competitor are launching new phones on the regular interval. Thus it is recommended for the company to engage in shorter product development cycle so that they can make efficient use of technology and meet the requirement of customers. Effective planning and forecasting before the product launch- Another recommendation within the product development process of Apple is that before launching the new mobile phone in market manager must engage in effective planning and forecasting of demand. It has been stated that at the time of launching iPhone 5 company has not engaged in planning and forecasting the demand that results in affecting their image and shifting launching date after three months(Nahmias Olsen 2015). Therefore, it is required to have planning and proper forecasting so that it results in attaining the desired production of the product. Implementation of quality control process- Another recommendation for process improvement must focus on the implementation of quality control process within the product development process so that they can easily maintain high-quality standard within their product. With the help of quality control process, Apple Company can easily minimize the associated risk and hazard so that it may not hamper the product functioning(Mitra 2016). Cost- Another recommendation for process improvement focuses on reducing the cost factor within the product development process so that Apple can bring the new range of phones in the market that must be economic in nature. To manufacture a large number of phone, it is required by the company to lower their cost so that they can manage their production level(Cho, Fiore Russell 2015 ). Target market- It has been recommended that Apple also needs to identify and reach the broad customer base. Through targeting the middle-income customer company must engage in developing or manufacturing the mobile phone that would meet their income level(Khan, Jaber Ahmad 2014). Therefore, it is recommended to improve the production process. Along with this, through expanding the company's supply network, they would reach more of its targeted customers and give them high-quality sales and support experience will serve to increase market penetration. Describing the improved process The improved product development process of Apple will emphasize on shorting the period of product development and reducing the cost of operations. It has been identified that the company takes an enormous amount of time to develop and launch its new products(Lewis 2016). However, the new process will focus on creating and launching the new product in the gap of every six months. The result of this is that the company will be able to maintain a high degree of satisfaction among existing customers. At the same time, it will be able to attract new customers in the long run. The new and improved process will opt for reducing the cost of operations and selling the product at economical prices. The company will operate with two different product line, and here the products with high price and moderate prices will be offered to the people in the marketplace(Klingebiel Joseph 2016). From the above carried out research on Apple Company, it has been identified that the market segment of the middle class or middle-income level is still unexplored by the brand. Thus, the organization will be looking forward to launching new range of phones with moderate prices through its new product development process. The benefit of this is that Apple will be able to attract more new customers and enhance its existing market share. The company will be looking forward to setting up a manufacturing unit in other growing markets such as India. It will help the brand to lower down the cost of operations and reduce its dependency on one particular market which is China(Laugesen Yuan 2010). A process change strategy To carry out and manage changes within the product development process, Kotter's eight step change model will be taken into consideration by Apple. The entire process of change is mentioned below as: Increase the urgency for change- In this stage of change management, Apple is going to identify the critical threats and problems associated with its existing process of new product development. Furthermore, the company will also be exploring the key opportunities available in front of the business enterprise. Building the dedicated team of change management- In this stage, the company will start the process of convincing all its employees that change is now essential for long term growth and success(Hofmann et al. 2014). In addition to this, change leaders within the company will be identified, and they will be assigned with the responsibility to implement and manage variations in the best possible manner. Creating a vision for change - Here, Apple will be developing values which will be center and core to the entire process of change management. The company will be communicating its future vision and objectives in this stage of change management process. Communicating the need for change Apple will be using various types of informal and formal communication tools to inform all its stakeholders about the need and significance of the change in product development process(Hoog Strzempka 2010). This stage will help stakeholders to understand the fact that why changes in process are so essential. Meanwhile, it will also assist in getting adequate corporation from external and internal stakeholders. Empowering staff with the ability to change In this stage of change management process, the employee working in Apple will be empowered with different authorities and responsibilities. All the barriers and obstacles faced in the change management process will be removed by the company at this stage(Goetsch Davis 2014). Creating short term goals Here, the company will be recognizing and appreciating the efforts of employees for the accomplishment of short term goals. This strategy will act as the biggest motivator and will encourage workers to give their best in making the changes permanent within the product development process. Staying persistent In this stage, the company will be focusing on ensuring the fact quality of products and service is not affected due to the changes in product development process. It can be stated that at present, the products of Apple are in high demand because of high quality and any degradation in existing quality will result in creating dissatisfaction among customers. The brand image and value of Apple will also get adversely affected because of degradation in quality. In this stage, the company is also going to set various objectives and goals with regards to improvement in quality(Groover 2016). Making the change permanent- This is considered as the last stage of change management in which the changes made will be incorporated into the overall corporate culture of the brand. Here, the organization will emphasize on making the changes stick permanently within its new product development process. Expected quality outcomes Quality plays a significant role within the organization as it assists in meeting the requirement of customers. With the above possible changes in the process, it has been reviewed that it would meet the expected quality outcomes of Apple. The company does focus on meeting the quality standards of their phone as they are considered as the premium brand that offers quality electronic products in the market(Ferraro, Kirmani Matherly 2013). It has also been expected that Apple Company would be launching their smart phones in the short span of time that is mainly in 6 months. Thus, with the up gradation of the technology company is required to bring new technology to their product so that it would directly meet the requirement of customers. Apple has also stated that they would not compromise or degrade their quality standard with engaging in the new product development process. Along with this, above possible change in the product development process would expect in attaining quality outcomes regarding increasing their research and development activities(Johnson 2012). With the increasing research and development activities within Apple, Company manager can easily initiate the new feature or attribute that would be introduced in their new product. Along with this, it has also been expected that with research and development activities it also outcome in introducing new or upgraded technology for their operating system so that it may easily attract the customers and their requirement(Flanagin et al. 2014). In addition to this, from the above recommendation of implementing quality control process, it has been expected that employees would consider the quality standard while performing their activities(Sallis 2014). Along with this, for the expected quality outcomes employees within the company should be provided with appropriate training and development activities. With training and development employees must come to know regarding the quality and quality control process for overcoming the associated risk(Dennis 2015). With the above recommendation, the company also expects that an individual performance within the business must be above the standard. At the same time, for the success of Apple in electronic market quality is considered an essential tool that meets the expectations of customers. Conclusion From the above carried out report, it can be concluded that Apple is one of the leading brands in the market and it has been successful because of its quality. Nowadays, quality management practices have become essential for long term sustainability and in getting a competitive advantage over other market players. It can also be inferred that the existing process of product development within Apple has particular problems which need to be resolved by the company on the priority basis. The process of product development within Apple consumes lots of time and resources. For example, people are required to wait for years to buy new products of Apple. This has resulted in developing a high degree of dissatisfaction among existing users and has also discouraged new customers to purchase the product of Apple Inc. It has been recommended that Apple should emphasize on reducing the time consumed for development and launch of new product. Furthermore, it is also suggested that the brand should focus on the setting new manufacturing plant in developing economies of the world. The improved process will have a short span of product development, and the company will be looking forward to launching new product in almost every six months. This strategy will help in maintaining the interest of customers and retaining them for the long run. It can be concluded that Apple will be using Kotter's change management model to ensure that modification in its existing product development process is carried out in the best possible manner. Apart from this, it is also expected that the organization will not make any compromise in product quality. References Bellezza, S Keinan, A 2014, 'Brand tourists: How noncore users enhance the brand image by eliciting pride. ', Journal of Consumer Research, vol 41, no. 2, pp. 397-417. Blackston, M Lebar, E 2015, 'Constructing consumer-brand relationships to better market and build businesses. ', Strong Brands, Strong Relationships, , p. 376. Chen, Y, Tang, G, Jin, J, Li, J Paill, P 2015, ' Linking marketing orientation and environmental performance: The influence of environmental strategy, employees environmental involvement, and environmental product quality', Journal of Business Ethics, vol 127, no. 2, pp. 479-500. Cho, E, Fiore, AM Russell, DW 2015 , 'Validation of a fashion brand image scale capturing cognitive, sensory, and affective associations: Testing its role in an extended brand equity model.', Psychology Marketing, vol 32, no. 1, pp. 28-48. Clarke, T Boersma, M 2017, 'The governance of global value chains: unresolved human rights, environmental and ethical dilemmas in the apple supply chain. ', Journal of Business Ethics, vol 143, no. 1, pp. 111-131. Dennis, P 2015, Lean Production simplified: A plain-language guide to the world's most powerful production system, Crc press, Florida. Elmansy, R 2017, How Does Apples Design Process Work?, viewed 13 September 2017, https://www.designorate.com/how-does-apples-design-process-work/. Eraslan, E, ?, YT Yurdakul, M 2016, 'A new usability evaluation approach for touch screen mobile devices. ', International Journal of Business and Systems Research, vol 10, no. 2-4, pp. 186-219. Ferraro, R, Kirmani, A Matherly, T 2013, ' Look at me! Look at me! Conspicuous brand usage, self-brand connection, and dilution. ', Journal of Marketing Research , vol 50, no. 4, pp. 477-488. Flanagin, AJ, Metzger, MJ, Pure, R, Markov, A Hartsell, E 2014, 'Mitigating risk in ecommerce transactions: perceptions of information credibility and the role of user-generated ratings in product quality and purchase intention.', Electronic Commerce Research, vol 14, no. 1, pp. 1-23. Goetsch, DL Davis, SB 2014, Quality management for organizational excellence, Pearson, New York City. Groover, MP 2016, Automation, production systems, and computer-integrated manufacturing. , Pearson Education India., New Delhi. Hofmann, H, Busse, C, Bode, C Henke, M 2014, 'Sustainability?related supply chain risks: conceptualization and management. ', Business Strategy and the Environment, vol 23, no. 3, pp. 160-172. Hoog, A Strzempka, K 2010, iPhone and iOS forensics: Investigation, analysis and mobile security for Apple iPhone, iPad and iOS devices., Elsevier, Amsterdam. Johnson, K 2012, The Innovative Success that is Apple, Inc., viewed 13 September 2017, https://mds.marshall.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1420context=etd. Khan, M, Jaber, MY Ahmad, AR 2014, 'An integrated supply chain model with errors in quality inspection and learning in production.', Omega, vol 42, no. 1, pp. 16-24. Klingebiel, R Joseph, J 2016, 'Entry timing and innovation strategy in feature phones. ', Strategic Management Journal, vol 37, no. 6, pp. 1002-1020. Laugesen, J Yuan, Y 2010, 'What factors contributed to the success of Apple's iPhone? In Mobile Business and Ninth Global Mobility Roundtable (ICMB-GMR)', Ninth International Conference on IEEE. , pp. 91-99. Lewis, WE 2016, Software testing and continuous quality improvement., CRC press, Florida. Misra, S, Cheng, L, Genevie, J Yuan, M 2016, ' The iPhone effect: the quality of in-person social interactions in the presence of mobile devices. ', Environment and Behavior, vol 48, no. 2, pp. 275-298. Mitra, A 2016, Fundamentals of quality control and improvement, John Wiley Sons, New Jersey. Nahmias, S Olsen, TL 2015, Production and operations analysis, Waveland Press, Illinois. Page, T 2013, 'Use of mobile device apps in product design.', International Journal of Green Computing (IJGC), vol 4, no. 1, pp. 18-34. Panzarino, M 2012, This is how Apples top secret product development process works., viewed 13 September 2017, https://thenextweb.com/apple/2012/01/24/this-is-how-apples-top-secret-product-development-process-works/#.tnw_zSSDjqnL. Payne, B 2017, 'Brand Positioning and its Usefulness for Brand Management: the Case of Apple Inc. ', Newcastle Business School Student Journal, vol 1, no. 1, pp. 51-57. Ramaswamy, V Ozcan, K 2016, 'Brand value co-creation in a digitalized world: An integrative framework and research implications. ', International Journal of Research in Marketing, vol 33, no. 1, pp. 93-106. Sallis, E 2014, Total quality management in education, Routledge, Abingdon. Van der Lans, R, Van den Bergh, B Dieleman, E 2014, 'Partner selection in brand alliances: An empirical investigation of the drivers of brand fit. ', Marketing science , vol 33, no. 4, pp. 551-566. West, J Mace, M 2007, 'Entering a mature industry through innovation: Apple's iPhone strategy. ', In DRUID Summer Conference. , pp. 18-20. Zink, T, Maker, F, Geyer, R, Amirtharajah, R Akella, V 2014, 'Comparative life cycle assessment of smartphone reuse: repurposing vs. refurbishment.', The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, vol 19, no. 5, pp. 1099-1109.

Transcendentalism Essays (910 words) - Lecturers, Mystics

Transcendentalism Transcendentalism revealed itself in the beginning of the 19th century with talented writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Walt Whitman. These well-educated men brought such ideas as individualism, imagination, and nature to life through their works. Many writers in the transcendentalism period included such characteristics in their pieces. Some of the characteristics are spiritual well being, individualism, nature, and imagination. There are some that make these characteristics more evident than others are such as, Walden by Henry David Thoreau, I Sit and Look Out by Walt Whitman, and I Hear America Singing also by Walt Whitman. Walden by Henry David Thoreau, was a well-written piece and thoroughly explains and describes nature and the spiritual utopia that comes with it. " The bullfrogs trump to usher in the night," this explains the likeness of nature's bullfrogs to musical beauty and song. " What sort of space is that which separates a man from his fellows and makes him solitary? I have found that no exertion of the legs can bring two minds much nearer to one another..." In response to the men who frequently pester him about loneliness he says this and it clarifies that when one is alone in the wilderness or just solitary in general, far away from the cities, fellow humans, and busy life, he isn't farther away because of the distance there is between he and the other. He insinuates that the mind could distance one from any other more or less than the exertion of one's legs, and that a journey far from civilization could bring two people closer together mentally than ever before. " Like the marmots in the surrounding hills, it closes its eyelids and becomes dormant for three months or more." Here, Thoreau describes the pond in the winter. He describes it as once lively and busy in the fall and summer, now is dormant and still, like a picture. The fish don't scurry about as they did in the frisky winter, but now they just float and are motionless, like the waves that were once evident in the summer months. This work of Thoreau's just describes nature, one of the characteristics that make up transcendentalism. Walt Whitman was a man who could write about a subject in two opposing ways, but still is the same story in a different perspective. I Hear America Singing is about a man watching, hearing the sounds of the people and their many contributions to society. The song of everyone merrily doing their job and liking it, getting things done with a smile on their face and having an incredible outlook on life. " The delicious singing of the mother, or of the young wife at work, or of the girl sewing or washing." This states that each person who is being mentioned is singing, rejoicing to what is his or hers, whether it be their duties as an individual, or life in general. " The day what belongs to the day?at night the party of young fellows, robust, friendly, singing with open mouths their strong melodious songs." This says that the night is filled with young men singing of their lives, robust and loud with open mouths singing their full, euphonic song of life. This is a piece of a happier outlook on the life of the people all around and of the positive attitudes of many. Illustrating individualism and showing what one can make of their lives by being themselves and enjoying their own life. I Sit and Look Out is of complete contrast to I Hear America Singing. I Sit and Look Out describes a dark, sad, corrupted, sorrowful world. Whereas I Hear America Singing depicts a brighter and more upbeat society. Walt Whitman uses sad words describing emotion, and just all sorts of corruption imaginable. " I see the wife misused by her husband, I see the treacherous seducer of women," Here he paints the picture of the ignored, badly treated wife by her husband, and the wicked, devious, womanizer/ seducer of innocent women. "I see the workings of battle, pestilence, tyranny, I see the martyrs and prisoners." He observes the evil of war, and plague, of famine and tyranny, of helpless prisoners and sufferers. But chooses to be silent, to watch and be silent still. Individualism is illustrated here by him being only that of an individual and not able to put an end to all the sorrow. In conclusion, the transcendentalism period was one of great literary works. Bringing nature, imagination, and individualism to

The Fundamentals of Nouns

The Fundamentals of Nouns The Fundamentals of Nouns The Fundamentals of Nouns By Mark Nichol Parts of speech serve our communication needs with hardly a conscious thought on our part, but they operate according to a complex, interdependent set of rules and procedures. Here are the basic principles of the noun. A noun was traditionally described (at least, in the US public school system I oh so slowly passed through and briefly taught in) as a person, a place, or a thing, though some resources extend the definition to apply to intangible things ideas such as peace and qualities such as fear as separate categories. Nouns are also subdivided into proper nouns and common nouns. Proper nouns refer to a specifically named entity such as, for example, a person named Mark, a place called California, a thing called a Mac, and an idea or quality personified as Perfection. Common nouns, by contrast, are generic: man, state, computer, perfection. Three other classifications to distinguish nouns include countable and uncountable nouns, collective nouns, and concrete and abstract nouns. Countable nouns can be pluralized (word, words), can be accompanied by numbers or quantifiers (â€Å"Did he say, ‘Seven words’ or ‘several words’?), and can appear after an indefinite article (â€Å"In a word, yes†). Uncountable nouns (also called mass nouns and noncount nouns) share none of these qualities; examples include anger, geology, and weather. (Anger cannot be pluralized to angers, one would not say â€Å"seven geologies,† and weather would be preceded by a only if it is used as an adjective, as in â€Å"a weather system†). Collective nouns are those denoting a single entity consisting of multiple components, such as team. Concrete nouns are those that name a physical entity or something experienced by operation of one or more senses (computer, article), while abstract ones refer to concepts or ideas (democracy, liberty). Some nouns have both concrete and abstract senses; for example, dance refers to physical movement usually performed to music as well as a social event at which such activity occurs (and has a figurative meaning of â€Å"a careful interaction,† as in â€Å"The two superpowers exchanged messages in a delicate diplomatic dance†), but the word also denotes an art form involving often rhythmic and patterned physical movement. A noun serves one of three syntactical functions in a sentence, all of which are demonstrated in the first clause of this sentence: the subject of a clause (â€Å"A noun†), the object of a verb (â€Å"serves . . . functions†), or the object of a preposition (â€Å"in a sentence†). Nouns, in English, are marked by their association with an article (a, an, the, and sometimes some), such as in the phrase â€Å"an article† here, or with one or more attributive adjectives. (In the preceding phrase and a few words farther along in this sentence attributive itself is an attributive adjective for adjective.) A noun is also distinguished as the head, or key word, of a noun phrase; in this clause, clause is the head of the noun phrase â€Å"in this clause† and head is the head of the phrase â€Å"the head of the noun phrase†; note that that phrase has two nouns (head and phrase), but the latter is subordinate to the former. Some grammar theories hold that a single word can constitute a noun phrase and it doesn’t have to be a noun; consider the function of it in â€Å"It is true.† A noun consisting of an adjective used in noun form is known as a nominalization; the last word in the phrase â€Å"a word to the wise† is an example. Nouns are not essential to isolated sentences â€Å"Yes,† for example, can constitute a sentence but they are integral to communication. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About HandsBest Websites to Learn EnglishHonorary vs. Honourary

Adverse Effects Of Technology On Student Learning

Adverse Effects Of Technology On Student Learning As I was sitting in my room one night reading through articles on technology and its effect on education, a single idea sparked my interest in the topic: how students in my generation were being seen as negatively affected in the academic sphere by the advent of the iPhone, iPads, and constant television streaming. This idea got me thinking about my own life and use of technology both inside and outside the walls of my high school. It is hard for me to imagine a life without my devices, but the concerns by teachers across America are almost impossible to ignore. In today’s society, technology is a huge part of the lives of the current generation of high school students and will be even more ingrained in the lives of younger generations. The use of technology in schools will not slow down in the future, it will only grow more rapidly each year. Technology in education has caused students to lose focus in the classroom and become less analytical problem-solvers in regards to cri tical thinking questions. Clearly, the use of technological devices in the niche of education hampers the learning ability of students in the classroom. Initially, technology use in educational settings impedes students’ focus on scholastic tasks. Obviously, students do not always regard school as entertaining. Historically, students that were uninterested in a subject or lesson would often not have a way to escape from listening to the teacher; however, in today’s culture, students can turn to a tiny, pocket-sized treasure chest of games on their cell phone when they get bored in class. As technological advances have evolved, cell phones have made it easier and more accessible for students to become distracted from learning. Writer for the New York Times, Matt Richtel, in his article for the Times, â€Å"Technology Changing How Students Learn, Teachers Say†, published in the New York Times on November 1, 2012, addresses the topic of technology in education and argues that students have minimized the ability to focus on schoolwork since the technological boom. He supports this claim by examining one large-scale survey conducted by the Pew Internet Project, a branch of the Pew Research group, then analyzing another large-scale survey conducted by Vicky Rideout of Common Sense Media, a non-profit, San Francisco-based organization which counsels parents on childhood media use, and finally he uses interviews from teachers who spend time daily observing students in their classrooms. Richtel’s purpose is to show that students of the current generation have shifted dramatically in their approaches to learning and how the impact of technology has made it more difficult for students to keep attention on their responsibilities in school in order to help educators and parents rethink the amount of use of technology their student should be allowed to use. From the article, Richtel claims that, â€Å"There is a widespread belief among teachers that students’ constant use of digital technology is hampering their attention spans,† and this quote is spot-on in the culture of our soci ety. In Richtel’s quote, he illuminates how teachers, the people spending almost eight hours a day with students, have been seeing a noticeable decline in their students’ ability to focus on specific tasks in academia. If teachers, given their extensive time spent with students, have all had a similar experience with students’ waning attention spans, it is hard to discount that evidence against students. Evidently, teachers have been noticing as obvious degeneration in students’ ability to focus since the introduction of technological devices in student possession. Likewise, in the New York Times article, â€Å"Growing Up Digital, Wired for Distraction† (2010), author Matt Richtel, writer for the New York Times, asserts that the attention spans of contemporary students has diminished and suggests that technology is to blame for the decline. He backs up this claim by doing the following: first, he begins the article as the story of seventeen-year-old Vishal, a once bright and attentive student who’s grades have plummeted since he discovered technology in seventh grade, next, he uses research done by a Duke University professor and The Kaiser Family Foundation to supplement his thesis, last, he includes more stories of students and how they feel their use of technology has impacted their academic life. In this article, Richtel states, that â€Å"Several recent studies show that young people tend to use home computers for entertainment, not learning, and that this can hurt school performance, particularly in low-income families.â €  This quote is significant because, Richtel explains how studies that have been done in the recent past have supported the thesis of home computers being used by students for purposes other than those that are educational. For example, students at home may use their computers for social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram or video streaming sites like YouTube instead of using the computer to play learning-centered games, read e-books, or work on homework. Furthermore, students are also apt to spend more time on these non-educational sites than on sites which could help them study for quizzes and tests or further their knowledge on subjects that they are not strong in and thus, hindering academic performance. It is well-defined that it is tremendously easy for students to lose focus on academic subjects while distracted by technology. Additionally, technology in education has also been shown to lessen the amount of critical thinking done by students in complex problems. Matt Richtel also discusses the topic of reduced problem-solving skills in his article â€Å"Technology Changing How Students Learn, Teachers Say†. In this article, Richtel states, â€Å"Lisa Baldwin, 48, a high school teacher in Great Barrington, Mass., [who] said students’ ability to focus and fight through academic challenges was suffering an ‘exponential decline’.† He goes on further to say that, â€Å"She said she was the decline most sharply in students whose parents allowed unfettered access to television, phones, iPads and video games.† Clearly, teachers have taken notice of the decline of students’ critical thinking skills in recent years. Whether it be in math, science, English, or any other subject, there will always be challenges to students that they may not be necessarily confident on how to solve the anticipated problem. As technology advances, students will be more enabled to use the internet to find the answers to such complicated problems instead of learning how to work through them, which will in turn, cause them to slowly lose the critical thinking skills necessary to adulthood. As in the quote from Ms. Baldwin, the â€Å"academic challenges† that are proposed to students will not just go away with the evolution of technology, and students will have to become more skilled problem-solvers than they currently are in order to succeed academically. The importance of preserving problem-solving skills in future generations is unimaginable, and it is recognizably a problem that many teachers, including Ms. Baldwin, are experiencing. Moreover, the ability of students to solve multifaceted problems has also been recognized by students to be a clear issue in education due to the use of technology. Matt Richtel also discusses the topic of the weakening ability of students to solve complex problems in his article â€Å"Growing Up Digital, Wired for Distraction†. In his article, Richtel observes the class of teacher Marcia Blondel, an expert teacher, who has been forced to resort to reading aloud in a senior English class because students have lacked the ability to read the assigned passages at home. Ms. Blondel states, â€Å"You can’t become a good writer by watching YouTube, texting and e-mailing a bunch of abbreviations.† This quote shows how teachers like Ms. Blondel are particularly alert to the fact that student learning capacities have taken a considerable shift from students being proactive to barely reading an assigned group of pages in a senior English class. It is more than understand able for an elementary-level English class to verbally read passages in class to bolster comprehension, but in a high school-level class, verbal reading is almost non-existent. The claim made by Ms. Blondel is not uncommon, technology has taken over aspects of students’ lives that were once filled by semi-meaningful actions. Discernibly, the use of technology has significantly hampered students’ ability to solve intricate problems. Conclusively, technology in education has huge implications on student achievement. The use of digital devices in educational settings has impeded on this culture’s students’ ability to focus and maintain attention in the classroom, as well as technology diminishing the ability of students to solve complex mental problems presented in classroom situations. Clearly, the use of technology in education has had a negative impact on today’s society’s students in the areas of focus and problem-solving. This thesis is bad for our culture because unless a restriction is placed on technology use by students, the dependency on technology will only grow and the problems proposed in the thesis will only become exacerbated by future generations of students. As thousands of students enter the school system each scholastic year, it is necessary to understand the true impact that iPhones, iPads, television, and video games have on developing minds. It is up to educators and parents to change this growing trend.

Kennedy v. Louisiana Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kennedy v. Louisiana - Case Study Example uries were the most severe he had seen from a sexual assault in his four years of practice.† (Supreme Court of the United States, Patrick Kennedy, Petitioner v. Louisiana, 2008) The brutality of the way in which the crime was committed forced the US supreme court to declare maximum punishment for the accused. Kennedy denied the charges and he accused that the two neighboring boys were the actual culprits. The main issue in this case is about the validity of death sentence given to the accused. The Courts ruling failed to consider the federal law in the military justice system regarding the death penalty. â€Å"The Eighth Amendment bars Louisiana from imposing the death penalty for the rape of a child where the crime did not result, and was not intended to result, in the victims death† (KENNEDY v. LOUISIANA, 2008) .The Court’s Division bench who heard this case was not unanimous about their judgment. Only 5 out of the 9 judges written in favor of the death sentenced while 4 of them strongly opposed the death sentence. Most of the people in various states have opposed the capital punishment. The court cannot act based on the consensus among the public. The court needs to look into the constitution and the law for delivering their verdicts. If the capital punishment is against the public will, then it is the duty of the government to change the constitutional law regarding capital punishment. The law regarding the death sentence is included in the â€Å"Eighth Amendment — Death Penalty — Punishment for Child Rape†. (Harvard Law Review, p.296) Even this law allow death sentence to a criminal only if the victim was killed. So in unusual circumstances only the death sentence is imposed. These unusual circumstances may be perceived differently by different people. years, lack of knowledge of the victims age shall not be a defence.† (KENNEDY v. LOUISIANA, 2008) In a rape case nobody can argue that they were not aware of the victim’s age. Since the rape itself

Legal Environment of Business - BLAW-3400-004 Essay

Legal Environment of Business - BLAW-3400-004 - Essay Example A qualified workers right to Family and Medical Leave started on August 5, 1993. For every leave taken prior to that date is not considered t as FMLA leave (Rossin†Slater, et. al,. 224). Nevertheless, measures succeeding under the legislation of FMLA leave intends, for instance, the child birth happening before 5 of August 1993, still permit qualified workers to the benefits of Female Medical Legislation on and after 5, of August 1993. The law contains a number of provisions linking to employer coverage as well as all government agencies; worker qualification for legislation benefits; preservation of health benefits for the period of leave, entitlement to leave and work reinstatement ; notice and certification of leave; and, safeguarding of workers who apply or get FMLA leave. Moreover, the legislation comprises certain employer recorded information (Post, Robert and Siegel, 2032). The Family Medical Leave permits workers to balance family life and their work by taking rational unpaid leave for a given reasons. The FMLA is proposed to balance the needs of families with demands of the place of work, to encourage the economic security and stability of families, and to support national interests in protecting family integrity (Waldfogel and Jane, 17). The FMLA tries to achieve these rationales in a manner that put up with the legal interests of bosses, and which reduces the possibility of employment favoritism on the basis of gender, while encouraging equal employment chances for women and men. The ratification of the Family Medical Leave was constituted on two primary distresses – the needs of America employees and the improvement of high-performance institutions (Gerstel, Naomi, and Katherine, 520). Gradually more American children and rising numbers of the aged are reliant on family members who are employed to spend lengthy hours on the work (Post, Robert and

How Charles Dickens shows Miss Havisham change over the novel Essay Example for Free

How Charles Dickens shows Miss Havisham change over the novel Essay How does Dickens show the change in Miss Havisham over the course of the novel?  Great Expectation is about a young boy named Pip and follows him throughout his life. Pip meets Miss Havisham a lady with a broken heart who has an adopted daughter named Estella, Estella is a pretty young girl that pip falls in love with. A close analysis of the novel reveals Miss Havisham is not the person she is perceived to be. The bitter and vengeful Miss Havisham is one of the main characters in Dickens novel Great Expectations. She is central to the novel and holds the plot together. Dickens waits until Chapter 8 to introduce the character to the reader, like Pip we are scared and frightened when we meet her for the first time. I should have cried out, if I could. This shows that Miss Havisham intimidates Pip; and as a result, we fear for Pip; and are also uncomfortable as readers. Also, the word haunting is associated when we think of Miss Havisham. This is because of her ghostly appearance, her disturbed state of mind, and the way she haunts Pip. If we are to say haunting is when someone/something has a lasting, negative effect on something, it is evidently shown that Miss Havisham is a gothic, disturbing, melancholic character. Dickens uses descriptive writing to describe Miss Havisham as a wealthy, well dressed woman in rich materials satins, and lace, and silk. Dickens uses imagery of luxury and opulence to give a clear picture in the readers mind about how Miss Havisham is dressed. Dickens also uses a simile withered like the dress to show how Miss Havisham has been trapped in time and grown old and decayed along with her white wedding dress, also reflecting her mental state. Dickens presents her to be a living dead, waxwork and skeleton as there is nothing healthy in her. She has allowed herself to get wasted and now she looks more dead than alive. Both Miss Havisham and her adopted daughter Estella, manipulate Pip for their own sick fancys. Miss Havisham states to Pip that her heart has been broken and she wants diversion. She also has had enough of men and women therefore, enclosing herself in her house. Miss Havisham was jolted at the altar by the man she thought she loved. As a result of her heartache and pain, she stopped the clocks at twenty to nine, and left the house and herself exactly the way it was on that day; never seen the sun since you were born. In addition, Miss Havisham uses Estella as a ploy, to seek revenge on all males. Estella is a young lady, who is very pretty. Estella is very rude and patronises Pip. She calls him by the name of boy which makes us feel sorry for Pip and dislike Estella. Estella known to be a beautiful, self possessed, scornful young lady makes Pip aware of his common working class background. He is powerfully attractive to the mysterious ways of Satis House and Estella. He accepts her cruelty as he truly loves her, he follows her taunting and harshness and wishes to become a rich gentlemen; to please Estella and to stop her name calling and for her not see him as coarse, rough boy. This is when Pip wants to higher his social class, starting the course of Great Expectations. Miss Havisham is the feeder to the way Pip thinks and manipulates him into thinking that she is the benefactor for him becoming a gentleman living in London. She leads him to believe this by slyly hinting that she knows more. Mr Jaggers is your guardian I understand? This makes pip believe that it is her that is helping him to becoming a gentleman. Although in the end we find out it is a convicted he helped when he was younger. Satis House, the reflection of Miss Havishams state of mind in every crevice; decaying. She has enclosed herself within the walls of Satis House letting no outside world in. The only way you can get in is through the front gate which is guarded at all times. The house remains to be the exact same as when she left it. The garden with trees fluctuated everywhere, grass in every crevice. This shows that its hasnt been cared for, just like Miss Havisham hasnt. The interior is also decaying. In Chapter 11, Pip goes into her room and sees a A bride-cake. Mine! that was seeming to grow. It is as if it is a part of her, a part of her past and past happiness that has gone. This makes the reader feel sorry for her, as she is truly heartbroken. Miss Havisham has been presented by Dickens as a cold, heartless character, only thinking about herself. Dickens makes us believe this by the way Estella is treated by her; the way Miss Havisham uses her to break all males hearts. Love her, love her, love her! Miss Havisham tells pip with passionate eagerness whatever Estella does he will love her. She curses him like a evil persuasive witch doing a spell. This shows that she focuses on one thing and must live up to a target; it is an unhealthy love its like obsession. Estella now cant love; she doesnt know how to love. Estella cant even love her Miss Havisham. This all changes in chapters 38 and 49 Miss Havisham feels guilty for making Estella becomes a cold heartless person. However, when Estella rebels to her adopted mother, Miss Havisham is truly sorry for her harsh actions what have I done? She says this repeated several times, truly sorry. As she has no idea what she has done wrong. Miss Havisham cant die without knowing she is forgiven. Dickens has shown he unmarried contradictory character Miss Havisham, has gone through many changes throughout the novel. Although Great Expectation is a novel about Pips life, it includes Terror, love, drama, and excitement; these factors of the novel are part of how Miss Havisham has changed.Towards the end of the novel in chapter 49 Dickens use of ominous language prepares the reader the Miss Havishams death. Funeral music, the cathedral chimes All these quotes prepare the reader for something to go wrong, like a death is going to occur. Dickens also explains when he walks pasted the priory garden, seemed to call to me that the place was changed this shows the future will change by a death. Miss Havishams death made a big difference to the novel. In chapter 49 Miss Havisham dies after server burns from an accidental fire. Her death is very painful. She was shrieking, with a whirl of fire blazing all about her, this death in some ways seems to release her from all her hurt and pain. The fire is symbolic; pip dragged the heap of rottenness in the midst, and all the ugly things that sheltered there. This shows it dragged all the decay and the living death away. The fire ended it all.   In conclusion to this Miss Havisham has changed from an evil witch who only thinks about herself to a woman who feels guilty for all the things she has done.

Vertigo Essay -- essays papers

Vertigo The Alfred Hitchcock film; Vertigo is a narrative film that is a perfect example of a Hollywood Classical Film. I will be examining the following characteristics of the film Vertigo: 1)individual characters who act as casual agents, the main characters in Vertigo, 2)desire to reach to goals, 3)conflicts, 4)appointments, 5)deadlines, 6)James Stewart’s focus shifts and 7)Kim Novak’s characters drives the action in the film. Most of the film is viewed in the 3rd person, except for the reaction shots (point of view shot) which are seen through the eyes of the main character.(1st person) The film has a strong closure and uses continuity editing(180 degree rule). The stylistic (technical) film form of Vertigo makes the film much more enjoyable. The stylistic film form includes camera movements, editing, sound, mise-en-scene and props. Vertigo is an Alfred Hitchcock film that was made in 1958. It stars James Stewart as Detective John Ferguson and Kim Novak as Madeleine Ellester and Judy Barden. In Vertigo, John Ferguson has a fear of heights that results in the death of his partner. Due to this situation, he leaves the police force and became a Private Investigator. Ferguson is contact by Gavin Ellester an old college buddy. Gavin asks Ferguson to follow his wife who he believes has gone mad. Gavin believes his wife Madeleine is being possessed by her great grandmother Corlata Valdez. He explains why he has come to this conclusion and fills John Ferguson in on all the details of the case. Mr. Ferguson questions the integrity of the story, but still accepts the case. When he starts to spy on Madeleine, he begins to notice changes in her personality and similarities to Corlata Valdez's past. One day when John Ferguson was following Madeleine, he saw her jump into San Francisco Bay. After he rescued her, he brought her back to his house and cared for her. Afterwards he and Madeleine started to spend time together. They began to fall in love and Madeleine became more insane. She started to see images from Corlata's past. Madeleine started to live the life of Corlata Valdez and had visions from her life. One day John and Madeleine went to an old Spanish missionary outside San Francisco, which Madeleine had seen in one of her images. When they arrived at their destination Madeleine began to remember things from Corlata's early life and became hyster... ... the mise-en-scene are the from the beginning of the film. Throughout the film I was aware of the locations. The San Francisco setting was presented to the viewer in the beginning and that made the audience more aware of the film's environment. The monastery and other locations of Corlata's past gave me a better understanding of Madeleine’s problem. The make-up and costume play an important part in the recreation scenes, while the props assisted the audience and John Ferguson in piecing the puzzle together and figuring out Gain’s plan. The lighting enhanced many scenes in the film. The parts that impressed me were the following: the recreation of Madeleine scene, John's dream sequence, the monastery scenes, Judy's guilt trip and the scenes involving John's fear of heights. In conclusion, all these factors made Vertigo a great film and made it much more enjoyable for the audience. All the Hollywood Classical Film characteristics that are used in the film enhance the power of Vertigo. Everyone should see Vertigo, since it is a perfect example of a Hollywood Classical Film. In my opinion Alfred Hitchcock was a genius and Vertigo is one of the greatest Hollywood films ever created.

Tim blixseth essay

Money isn't everything When I was younger, thought money ruled everything but in reality it doesn't. Working hard doesn't apply anymore in today's economy. Most of the people who are wealthy have grown into the money or inherited from their ancestor. People hold the wealthy to a higher standard/power therefore they think they are better than the middle/lower class. Even though money is a great asset to have, it can be a liability. As I read the essay about Tim Blithest, he was an individual who was not impressed or got excited about how much money he and his family had.He wanted to be low key, an average middle class person who worked hard for what he got not just given. In the story â€Å"Living It† he tells us how he would wake up in different locations each night. Tim Blithest kept explaining to us how most rich people he know were cocky, arrogant, stuck up or flamboyant. Tim was nothing like that; he didn't want people to judge him accordantly to the other rich people. He strongly hated the fact that most rich people are jerks and looked down toward the middle/ lower class. Money does change people a lot. Feel like if you were born with money and everything given to you, than you would be a stuck up person.But if you worked hard for your money than you know where you can from and would be cared hearted toward the lower class. Money is the root of all evil. It gives the wealthy a since of more power, makes them believe they rule us. By thinking this way, we all are going to be in trouble if they can get any more power. I believe that not all wealthy people do not have this type of attitude but most are by the way they were raised. But believe that if you are raise your children properly and teach them the correct morals of life, then you can be a great person with the wealth.Tim refers to his family members as he rechristens, which really means they are wealthy people who are down to earth. He really stated that he believed no matter how wealthy a per son is or how poor you are and your family is, it is upon you to succeed in life or fail in it. Success is drive, if you don't have it you never will. Any person doesn't matter if you are rich or poor, if you don't want it enough then you will fail in life. You have got to want it to achieve it.

Wal-Mart’s Unfair Labor Practices in “Down and Out in Discount America

In â€Å"Down and Out in Discount America,† writer Liza Featherstone (2004) exposes the dirty tactics and unfair business practices that fuel Wal-Mart’s success as a giant retail company, and suggests effective strategies to defeat corporate crime. According to Featherstone, Wal-Mart is one company that literally profits and grows from the presence and worsening of poverty situations, as shown by the results of a study conducted by economist Andrew Franklin which revealed that â€Å"Wal-Mart operated primarily in poor and working-class communities.†Most of the retail company’s customers are â€Å"overwhelmingly female, and struggling to make ends meet. † Featherstone argues that Wal-Mart ensures that its market in the low income segment continually expands by â€Å"creating more bad jobs worldwide. † She also points out that Wal-Mart routinely employs illegal and unethical business practices to maintain its competitive edge over other compani es, including violating wage and labor laws that deprive workers of their living wage and health benefits.More importantly, this set-up â€Å"contribute to an economy in which, increasingly, workers can only afford to shop at Wal-Mart. † The biggest brunt falls on Wal-Mart’s overwhelmingly female workers. As a result, the company has been the subject of â€Å"the largest civil rights class-action suit in history† which â€Å"charges the company with systematically discriminating against women in pay and promotions.† The company has also been cleverly using public funds to subsidize its low wages by encouraging its workers to apply for welfare assistance. Despite the company’s glaring offenses, however, poor women continue to patronize Wal-Mart because it is all they can afford. Featherstone therefore contends that the success of a concerted action against the giant company lies in the ability of stakeholders such as labor unions to go beyond the co nsumer mentality, constructed by big business, in creating avenues of resistance.The author notes that â€Å"to effectively battle corporate criminals like Wal-Mart, the public must be engaged as citizens, not merely as shoppers,† in order to form a movement with enough social and political power to challenge Wal-Mart and to advance the interest of the poor and the working class. Arguably, Featherstone’s article is one of the most convincing and informative pieces there is that provides a balanced and level-headed discussion of an issue that is as inflammatory as â€Å"the â€Å"Wal-Martization† of American jobs.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Down and Out in Discount America† is clearly intended for a wide spectrum of audience. Featherstone assumes that her readers know Wal-mart but they do not know about its unfair practices and illegal activities. Through the clever use of rhetoric and data, the author delivers an essay that is both incisive and engaging. Featherstone u ses both academic data and well-placed personal narratives of the workers of Wal-Mart to build her case.In the process, she does not need to explicitly state that Wal-mart profits from injustice and deepening income divide, this is already substantiated by the real-life cases and hard statistics that speak about the way the company â€Å"profits not only on women's drudgery but also on their joy, creativity and genuine care for the customer† and conditions its consumers to be heavily dependent on the â€Å"relief† brought by Wal-Mart discounted prices. It is interesting to note that Featherstone incorporates contrary ideas into her piece—such as the welcoming attitude towards Wal-Mart held by poor women—to illuminate and strengthen her stance.Thus, Featherstone avoids taking the â€Å"boycott† stance that would have been too simplistic an answer to as big a problem as Wal-Mart. â€Å"Down and Out in Discount America† also does not have the d epressing tone that most articles dealing with serious social issues are often infected with; this is not to say that the article does not evoke an emotional response from the reader but that it presents an image of women workers, who, despite their desperation and sad circumstance, manage to lend their anecdotes to show the multi-dimensionality of the Wal-Mart experience. One therefore finds it hard not to take Featherstone’s side against Wal-mart.The writer undoubtedly presents a well-informed case that explores the Wal-Mart’s labor issues in both a personal and social angle, and attempts to convince the audience on the logic and soundness of why the poor should stop shopping at Wal-Mart (which Featherstone has already conceded is an exercise in futility) but on why there should be more stringent policies to safeguard the poor from unfair labor practices and why there should be adequate legal measures to punish corporate criminal activities that prey upon the despera tion of the poor and the working class.Featherstone is also right in pointing out the need for a political and social movement that would leverage the interest of the poor and the working class above corporate interests. This movement must be a powerful enough presence to generate political pressure on the government and on big businesses to fulfill their social obligations.Clearly, â€Å"Down and Out in Discount America† is a searing portrayal of what happens when citizens literally put their souls out for a â€Å"bargain† with big businesses, which has transformed them into mere consumers whose participation in political and social decision-making is limited to individualistic shopping and purchase decisions. Fortunately, writers like Featherstone are there to remind consumers that they are, first and foremost, citizens and workers with stakes not only in payday discount sales but in the future and direction of labor and living conditions in the community and the cou ntry.

Siberian Husky Essays

Siberian Husky Essays Siberian Husky Essay Siberian Husky Essay Siberian Husky BY fallibilitys Siberian Huskies I chose Siberian huskies because they are my favorite type of vertebrates. I like them because they have a very nice coat and they can have multi- colored eyes. Siberian huskies will get to be very big dogs when they mature and they will also get more muscle on there body. A male will get to be around 21-23. 5 inches to the shoulders, and will be 45-60 pounds in weight. A female will get to be around 20-22 inches to the shoulder, and will be 35-50 pounds in weight. Both genders will be slightly longer then they are taller. Their coat can come in four different types of color. Most common colors are black and white, gray and white, copper and white, or all white. All huskies no matter what color will have white paws, legs, faces, and tail tips. They have a very thick double coat, which mainly helps them survive the cold climates. The topcoat will protect the dog from ticks, thorns, burs, and anything that will get stuck in its coat. The inner coat is for warmth and it enables them to survive in cold climates. They will shed their entire coat two times a year, but they will shed lightly year round. If you own a Siberian husky be prepared to find dog hair on couches, chairs, and on the floor. If you do not want a Siberian husky to shed as much you will need to brush them at least 3 times a week. Siberian huskies have a very sensitive stomach. You should feed your husky the more high in foods that are naturally made. Raw meat should also be in your huskies diet. You should always let you husky outside to run and play before you feed them because if they run after they eat they have the possibility of getting Gastric Volumes (bloating). The Siberian husky was bread to be a working dog in the cold environments. They can survive in cold harsh environments with ice and snow because of their heavy coat. Although a husky would prefer a cold place they can adapt very easily in a warm humid environment. The Siberian husky originated in Siberia and was brought over to the United States. Since huskies are bigger dogs they will not live as long as a smaller dog due to their health problems. A huskies average life expectancy is around 12-15 years if treated properly. A female husky will have around 5-7 pups in each litter. A female sky can begin to breed at the age of 15 months and a male husky can begin to breed at the age of 6 months. Siberian Huskies are classified like a human in the first stages of classification. Their kingdom is animal, their phylum is chordate, and their class is mammalian, Just like the humans. Their order is carnivore, their family is Candida, their genus is cants, their species is c. Lupus, and their subspecies is c. I. Familiars. The behavior of a Siberian husky is very dependent on how it is raised and treated. Most of the time you receive a playful and friendly husky pup. They are very intelligent. They should not be used as guard dogs because if someone were to come into your house they would greet them with many licks. If you are walking your dog and run into another dog you should expect your husky to want to play with the other it to play with. Huskies are very difficult to accommodate when it comes to housing. They should live in a bigger house that has a bigger backyard for the dog to run and play with. They should have some parts of the day that they can lay out because they are very loving and attention-searching dogs. If you are lying on a couch you should expect our husky to come and lay on top of you. The Siberian husky is one of the most intelligent dog breeds in the world. They can easily open doors, cabinets, and they can Jump on top of tables to get anything that interests them. If you own a husky you should have locks on every cabinet and door so they cannot get your food or get loose. The Siberian huskies are very well populated in the world. There are around 278,456,732,338 billion huskies in the world today. The Siberian husky is nowhere near being extinct. The husky will be in the world for thousands of years to come, unless a disease kills them off. When Siberian huskies are not tame and are living out in the wild they are very good at hunting. One of the Siberian huskies biggest predators is the human because they kill them for their beautiful coat. In the wild bears, mountain lions, and mostly any animals that are bigger then them will kill them for food. They are normally not seen out in the wild because they are tame and living with a family that will give them food and water. The Siberian huskies have the same senses of the human but the huskies senses are much better then a humans. Huskies can sense movement at a greater distance then we can, but they cannot see as well close up. They can hear four times better then a human. They see well in the dark so they can hunt in the wild, but they cannot distinguish between colors. With their noses they can smell a trail that is weeks old. Many huskies are used as police dogs in Alaska because of their sense of smell. Dogs have fewer taste buds then a human does, and they will be more acceptable to trying different things. The Siberian Huskies first Job was to be sled dogs, so people in the snowier limitless could get around easier. Later people with huskies realized that they were good at herding and they enjoyed doing it. They started using the huskies has dogs to herd reindeer. Siberian huskies can suffer from many genetic disorders. They can get cataracts, corneal dystrophy, and progressive retinal atrophy. The most common genetic disorder is hip dysphasia. From January 1994 through December 1998, a total of 12,087 Siberian Huskies were evaluated by OFF for hip dysphasia. Out of this total, 30 percent of the dogs received excellent hip ratings, and only 2 percent have been ignored with hip dysphasia. The Siberian husky was originated by the Chichi people of northeastern Asia as an endurance sled dog. The Chukkas needed a sled dog capable of traveling great distances at a moderate speed, carrying a light load in low temperatures with a minimum expenditure of energy. Shortly after 1900, Americans in Alaska began to hear accounts of this superior strain of sled dog in Siberia. The first team of Siberian Huskies made its appearance in the All Alaska Sweepstakes Race of 1909. In 1925, the city of None, Alaska, was stricken by drivers, including Mr.. Sepal, were called upon to relay the lifesaving serum to None by dog team. This heroic serum run focused attention upon Siberian Huskies, and Sepal brought his dogs to the United States on a personal appearance tour. He was invited to compete in sled dog races in New England, where the sport had already been introduced. The superior racing ability and delightful temperament of Sepals Siberian Huskies won the respect and the hearts of sportsmen from Alaska to New England. It was through the efforts of these pioneers that the breed was established in the United States. The Siberian huskies need many hours of exercise. They need around an hour of running and around 2 hours of walking. If you have an enclosed backyard you can Just let the husky outside and it run and play for hours. Training your Siberian husky can be very long because it will want to run and play. You have to be patient when training the husky. If the dog sees the point you it will obey your commands. You have to assert your dominance when training because they will want to be the leader or the alpha male. You have to reward his good behavior and scold it if it has bad behavior. A purebred Siberian husky will cost around 2,000 dollars because they are bred for racing. A regular Siberian husky will cost around 1,000 dollars. Food will cost around 30 dollars a month, toys will cost around 20 dollars, and vaccines and flea control will cost around 205 dollars every six months. Siberian huskies can be a handful at times, but they are worth having if you are energetic and ready for a companion. You have to be patient with the training and they will start listening to you. They will be great dogs if they are raised right and will not be as good if they are not raised right.

Do you think O'Connor's story has anything to offer a reader who has Essay

Do you think O'Connor's story has anything to offer a reader who has no religious faith and why - Essay Example As the title of the story implies, the story revolves around the definition of good man. In the story, the grandmother makes indiscriminate use of the label â€Å"good†. As the story goes on, the definition of a good man from her perspective becomes so subjective, that it almost entirely loses its meaning. First, the grandmother applies this label to Red Sammy upon hearing the complaint of people’s untrustworthiness from him. The grandmother considers Red Sammy a good man because he trusted the strangers. This implies that a good man can be defined as someone who has blind faith. While this incident in the story exclusively happens in context of the worldly matters, yet it may make an atheist think whether he is not a good man because he does not have a blind faith in God because God has to be believed in without having a vision of Him. God is to be believed in without being seen. However, since the goodness or the blind faith of Red Sammy leads him to regret, an atheist might feel reassured that it is better not to believe than to believe if he considers God just another entity like the entity of a man. To realize that blind faith in people is different from blind faith in God, and that people might not be trustworthy but God is, an atheist needs to think about the purpose of creation, and where people come from and where they go after death. The Misfit has a genuine bafflement for the religion. Many atheists also feel the same. While the grandmother has blind but weak faith in religion, her religious beliefs like Jesus raising the dead by the grace of God are challenged by the Misfit. He gives a deep consideration to how he should or should not follow such beliefs. The Misfit has lived his life considering religion pointless. If there is any religion that he follows, it is meanness since that is the only pleasure he finds in life. Here, the atheists might identify

Discuss some of the reasons why the Greeks were successful in every Essay

Discuss some of the reasons why the Greeks were successful in every major battle during the Persian Wars (490-79 BC) - Essay Example The Persian Empire under the rule of Xerxes and Darius were defeated. There was a series of battles which took place in the Persian Wars, some lost by the Greeks, and some won. Following is a short account of how the Greeks managed to win most of the battles in the Persian Wars.1i The Siege of Naxos took place in 499 BC. This battle marks the start of the Persian Wars which lasted for about fifty years. The Milesian tyrant Aristagoras had the full support of Darius the Great of the Persian Empire in the futile attempt to take over the island of Naxos in the name of the Persian Empire. This attempt of Aristagoras however failed horribly. Aristocrats who had been exiled from the island of Naxos and were looking for a way to go back to their land contacted Aristagoras. Aristagoras saw this as an opportunity to make his position in the Miletus stronger. For assistance in this matter, Darius the Great and Artaphernes the local satrap were consulted and plans were made to conquer Naxos. The Persians agreed to g on the mission of conquering Naxos and a force of 200 triremes was assigned to Megabates. The mission however soon turned out to be a complete disaster. On the way to Naxos, Aristagoras and Artaphernes broke out into a quarrel and the Naxians were informed a bout the oncoming force beforehand, quite possibly by Artaphernes. Upon the arrival of Persians at the gate of Naxos, they encountered Naxos as a city which was prepared to the fullest to undertake and go through a siege. The attackers were obliged to attack in spite of the great defense as they had travelled a long way but after four months of no success in the battlefield they ran out of money and resources and had to retreat back to Asia Minor. Aristagoras sensed that after this disaster he would no longer be appointed to rule and so he turned the people of Ionia against Darius the Great and rebelled against him. The Ionian Revolt and the failed attempt to conquer Naxos angered Darius

Web 2.0 Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Web 2.0 Security - Research Paper Example The idea of the â€Å"Web 2.0 was given by Darcy DiNucci, an advisor on electronic information paradigm. In this regard, this emerging idea is normally linked with web applications that are helpful to increase the capability to communicate interactive information distribution, cooperation, user-centered plan on the www. Additionally, the web sites which encompass the features of Web 2.0 offer its users the free option to work together or cooperate with each other in the community media discussion as designers of user-produced information material in a virtual society, as compared to those websites where clients are restricted to the inactive analysis of content that was developed for them. Moreover, the instances of Web 2.0 comprise a range of applications like social-networking blogs, websites, video-sharing websites, wikis, web applications, hosted services, folksonomies and mashups. Despite the fact that the idea presents an innovative description of the World-Wide-Web, but it do es not offer an update to some technological conditions, however relatively growing transformations in the means software developers and end users utilize the Web (XIBL; Mysore). Normally, the Web 2.0 incorporates the client-side website browser expertise such as Flash, Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Ajax) and JavaScript/Ajax frameworks and the Adobe Flex framework like that Dojo Toolkit, Yahoo! UI Library, jQuery and MooTools. In this scenario, Ajax programming utilizes Java-Script to upload as well as download new data from the web server without reloading a page repeatedly (XIBL; Mysore). Web 2.0 uses machine-based connections like that SOAP and REST. In this scenario, servers frequently represent administrative Application Programming Interfaces or simply APIs, however standard APIs (for instance, for positioning to an internet blog or informing a blog revision) are also used in development. Moreover, for the communications in APIs incorporate XML or else JSON payloads (XIBL; Mysore). The new web based or web-supported tools offer a range of effective software features and services to the consumers, workers and business associates. These services could be easily managed and handled. Additionally, the new information technology offers access to a major business resource such as the web server, which gives the capability to access various other useful information resources, for instance database servers (ITSecurity). At the present time, a lot of young people have fully integrated Web 2.0 tools and applications into their professional and personal lives. According to various researches, more than 80% of workers make use of social networking applications or web sites like that MySpace, Facebook and YouTube at workplaces or on their laptops. Thus, it is clear that the fame of video-calling (Skype), instant messaging and peer-to-peer (such as multi-player gaming) is increasing day by day and it is causing augmenting danger for business’s status, networ k performance in addition to information safety (M86 Security). Web 2.0 is definitely very helpful in almost every walk of life. For instance, people read blogs on various latest issues, and place queries on communication board to get response of their questions or investigate specialized debates or forums to get latest knowledge about a definite issue. Moreover, the Web 2.0 applications such as IM (or instant messaging), P2P and Skype frequently offer extra advantages for exchanging information with associates (M86 Security). Obviously, Web 2.0 technology can negatively affect business information security as well as efficiency of organizations. For instance, the lively, interactive website content on Web 2.0 websites can simply divert a worker for hours. Moreover, the businesses are bothered regarding the possible discovery of secret and sensitive data and information by workers when they communicate with other, write messages, write blogs or leave remarks when participating in so cial media (M86 Security). The major examples of Web 2.0 includes

(Must be aviation related) Drones in the public sector Research Paper

(Must be aviation related) Drones in the public sector - Research Paper Example re are various safety issues that the regulatory body of the FAA should take into account while integrating the UAVs to the National Airspace System (NAS). In addition, it was ascertained that the introduction of these unmanned aircrafts for the commercial purpose should be implemented after few years when the people get accustomed to the UAVs. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which is generally known as drone is an automated aircraft which does not require any human pilot on the plane. The UAV is controlled either automatically by the inbuilt computer system in the aircraft or is controlled by a pilot through a remote. In the present day context, drones are being used for the delivery of packages to the civilians in the United States. Correspondingly, Amazon has been one of the prime initiators of introducing UAVs in the United States for the commercial purpose. The main objective of Amazon behind its UAV adoption is to carry package delivery through its use. In the year 2013, Amazon declared that it would use small UAVs in order to deliver various commodities to its customers. Amazon proclaimed that these UAVs can deliver products within 30 minutes. However, it can be observed that the UAV delivery system might face certain major obstacles. It can be ascertained that weather would be a major obstacle while grounding the aircraft. Moreover, there might be a possibility that the product that has been dropped in the door step of the customer gets stolen. In addition, people might feel uncomfortable with several UAVs flying above their heads every day. Besides, the people using this delivery system might have the requirement of purchasing UAV insurance that provides security from system malfunctions and uncertain crashes. The prospective users of the UAVs for commercial purpose and the UAV manufacturers can be termed as the audience for this report. The purpose of the report is to determine the impact of various factors that act as an obstacle for the delivery

Reflecting On Ones Practice Nursing Essay

Reflecting On Ones Practice Nursing Essay Striving to become better at what one does entails reflecting on both the positive things that one has achieved and the mistakes committed in the process of performing ones duties and responsibilities. Reflective practice focuses on the learning that has evolved and correcting what has been done wrong. This essay assesses my professional, clinical development through an analytical reflection from a patient seen in the Emergency Care Centre (ECC), as part of the holistic health assessment module. The assessment model used in the consultation will be examined, together with theoretical and evidence based practice, and how this has helped developed my approach, linking decision-making and best practice outcomes. Following Gibbs (1988) model of reflection, I shall establish the integration between theory and practice. This model identified six stages involved in reflective practice where at each stage the I would ask myself a number of questions leading to the final stage of an action plan. It begins with selecting a critical incident to reflect upon followed by keen observing and describing of the incident, then analyzing my experience. This is followed by interpreting the experience and exploring alternatives leading up to an action plan. This is is a cyclical process which enables continual retrospective reflection. II. Reflective Practice Reflective practice has been a key underpinning of qualified nurses since the United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) (1992) required them to keep a professional portfolio. As professionals, we are accountable for our ongoing learning and self development, providing the best care to our patients. To ensure this, we need to focus on our actions and skills to be able to meet the demands of patients, colleagues and professional bodies. In order to be reflective practitioners, we need to be reflective thinkers. Reflective thinking is thinking that is aware of its own assumptions and implications as well as being conscious of the reasons and evidence that support the conclusion (Lipman, 2003, p.26). John Dewey defined reflective thinking as an active, persistent and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds that support it and the further conclusion to which it tends (cited in Martin, 1995, p.167) . Reflective thinking leads one to be more self-aware so he can develop new knowledge about professional practice. Reflective practice has been recognised to be an important tool for professional development. Rowls and Swick (2000) agree and observed that practitioners who regularly reflected enabled them to develop their skills and the way they deal with patients. Schunk and Zimmerman (1998) describe how a self- reflective practice allows us to monitor, evaluate and adjust our performance during learning. Adjusting strategies based on assessment on our learning helps to achieve the goal of learning and identifying the activities well suited to our situations (Schunk Zimmerman, 1998). However, practitioners often found the process quite time consuming and there was a greater fear of becoming introspective or being critical of oneself too much in practice. It is likely that one can be too engrossed in his reflection that he gets to neglect the delivery of a great work performance. Schons theory outlines two different types of reflection that occur at different time phases: reflection on action (Schon 1983) and reflection in action (Schon 1983). Reflection in action is often referred to the colloquial phrase as thinking on your feet a term used to being able to assess ourselves within a situation, making appropriate changes and still keeping a steady flow in the process. Reflection on action is when reflection occurs after the event. This is where the practitioner makes a deliberate and conscious attempt to act and reflect upon a situation and how it should be handled in the future (Loughran 1996). This means while performing a professional task, and one keeps thinking if what he is doing is right, he is doing reflection-on-action. After the task, he gets to evaluate what he has done right or wrong, and at that point, he is engaging in reflection-in-action. I am aware that I practice both kinds in my profession. However ,Fry, Ketteridge and Marshall (2003) seem to take a balanced view and define reflection to be an integration of existing knowledge and new knowledge. This implies that as a reflective practitioner, I should always evaluate if my current knowledge is still applicable, and in updating myself, should be able to incorporate my new learning with what I already know. My Own Practice I have been an Emergency Nurse Practitioner for the past 6 years. My task was mostly seeing patients in the emergency setting with minor injuries. I took this course to gain further knowledge and revise what needs to be improved in what I previously learnt during my 15 years as a nurse. Basically, I assess patients with localized problems (i.e, sprained ankles, lacerations, painful joints, minor head injuries etc.). I found it very daunting having to deal with the person as a whole again and investigate multiple systems (respiratory, cardiac, muscular, etc). Having attended tutorials regarding the assessment of these systems using the inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation (IPPA) methods, I was eager to practice what I have learned and felt ready to assess a patient. Reflecting on Ones Practice In the tradition of Gibbs (1988) reflective practice, the first step is concentrating on one particular example from my own work experience. One incident that is worth reflecting on was my encounter with a patient with left-sided chest pain. I immediately thought that the patient was suffering from cardiac chest pain, but upon further examination, I found out that the patient actually had a recent chest infection which was treated by a GP with antibiotics. The chest infection was resolved, but the patient was left with residual chest pain. It turns out that it was mild pleuritic chest pain after all. In this incident, I initially felt confident in my diagnosis of cardiac chest pain due to my years of experience as an emergency nurse. Such vast experience exposed me to a variety of symptoms and its diagnosed illnesses. My confidence also came from having attended enough tutorials regarding the assessment of symptoms manifested by different body systems. Upon reading the patients notes, the symptom of left-sided chest pain immediately made me conclude that it was cardiac chest pain. I know that merely reading the patients notes is not enough in coming up with conclusive diagnosis. The clinical evaluation may include the basic inspection, palpation (feeling with the hands), percussion (tapping with the fingers), and auscultation (listening) (IPPA) (The Free Dictionary, 2013); CURB 65, which is a simple well-validated tool for the assessment of severity in community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is another essential evaluative method in checking the presence of a deadly respiratory diseas e. The Ohio State University College of Medicine (2012) shares its guideline in the use of this approach. CURB is short for checking the patients confusion, blood urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, and systolic blood pressure. If the patient seems to be delirious or confused, then he is given a score of 1 on the confusion item. If his blood urea nitrogen value is greater or equal to 20 mg/dL, then it also garners a score of 1. A respiratory rate that is more or equal to 30 breaths/minute is also credited for 1 point. The same is true for the systolic blood pressure if it is less than 90 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 60. If the patient is 65 years old and above, then it also gains 1 point. Computing all the points, if the patients score is 0 or 1, then he can safely be treated as an outpatient. However, a score of 2 may indicate that he needs closer supervision when receiving outpatient treatment, or he may be recommended for inpatient observation admission. Most of the time if the collated score of the patient is 3, 4 or 5, then this usually means the patient needs to be confined to inpatient treatment (Ohio State University College of Medicine, 2013). Clinical judgment of the professional is necessary for a decision to be made for the patient. (Karmakar Wilsher, 2010). Still another evaluative method in examining the patient is the Pulmonary Embolism rule-out Criteria (PERC) (Hugli et al., 2011). The thorough process it entails determines if there is a potentially life-threatening cause of chest pain which may include pulmonary embolus, acute coronary syndrome, aortic dissection or tension penumothorax (King et al., 2012, para.3). If the patients chest pain becomes worse when he is applied deep inspiration and recumbency, then it is likely that it is due to a pleuritic cause. With Gibbs reflection model, so far, the first three steps of identifying a critical incident, observing and describing of the incident have already been done. Now comes analyzing my experience. Triage notes stated a 57 year old female who was suffering from left sided chest pain. Observations were blood pressure ; 184/78, pulse ; 74, respiratory rate; 16, saturations on O2; 98%. I had decided to take this patient and perform an assessment on her. The immediate thoughts were of cardiac chest pain as it was stated to be left sided in nature. Since starting the health assessment module the cardiac patient was the system I was least confident in, in the assessment process. I was anxious before seeing the patient. I had concluded that she was suffering from a cardiac chest pain, and imagined her to be requiring some form of intervention from the cardiac team. However, when meeting the patient and gaining further medical history it was clear that she was in fact a stable patient with a different complaint from my first impression. She had recently been treated for a chest infection by her GP, she had undergone a course of anitbiotics, amoxicillin 500mg for 1 week, after which she had felt much better, but over the following week had been left with a residual left sided chest pain which was worse on deep inspiration. She had initially had an expectorating cough, which had now resolved to an occasional dry cough. After a thorough assessment including IPPA, baseline observations, chest x ray, bloods including D Dimer, full blood count, UEs, cardiac enzymes, and a Wells score to rule out PE, the patient was diagnosed with pleuritic chest pain or pleurisy by the Doctor. (see appendix 1) Initially, I was uncomfortable evaluating the patients condition because it was my first patient with a cardiac problem.Throughout the assessment process I felt uneasy with the knowledge that I had initially made a judgement about the patient without even meeting her. It made me revise my approach to patients as a whole and not jump to conclusions before all avenues had been investigated. I was humble enough to accept my mistake when it was confirmed that it was a mild pleuritic chest pain, garnering from the information from further examination and history taking. I felt the need to read up on cardiac chest pain and push myself into seeing patients with that particular problem so that I can overcome my apprehensions. Next in Gibbs model is the interpretation of my experience. The interpretation of the patients condition from the initial triage notes made me aware of myself making a judgement before setting eyes on the patient. This concerned me and made me question my actions. I understood that I was nervous and uneasy at the thought of assessing a patient unaccompanied, and with hindsight put too much pressure on myself regarding responsibility and duty of care. I recognised the need for me to understand that I was gaining knowledge and skills as part of the degree module that I was completing, this didnt require me to diagnose the clinical conditions of the patients, but facilitated in the learning process of assessment skills and putting into place ideas of diagnosis / differential diagnosis. It also made me reflect on my thought processes regarding making snap judgements without gaining further information. The last stage in Gibbs model entails creating an action plan. The experience I have just analyzed made me realize that the current knowledge and experience I currently have are not enough. I need to learn to be more open in my evaluation of the patients symptoms, and hold my judgment until I have completed the necessary information derived from both examination tests and consulting the medical history of the patient. The fast rate of change in the medical field necessitates health practitioners like me to constantly update myself of current trends and the latest methodologies in nursing care. I should also remind myself all the time that the patients welfare comes way before my own ego in terms of priority. Conclusion Through reflective evaluation I was able to adjust the way I assessed patients with chest pain. I relaxed considerably more and let myself enjoy the assessment process. I was able to consolidate the new skills I had learnt and put in place a methodical process of evaluating differential diagnosis. I understood that the official diagnosis was going to be made by the Doctors mentoring my practice which considerably lessened the pressure I put on myself. Through this reflective process it became evident that good and bad working practice can be monitored and evaluated. Mistakes can be avoided and good working practice can be upheld. Although the feelings initially were disheartening, support from colleagues and my own learning outcomes have helped me progress and develop my skills of assessment. As Atkins and Murphy (2003) suggest that reflection should be made in times of uncomfortable feelings and thoughts surrounding a situation.